Can AI translate text fluently between any pair of major languages ?

Decades of NLP research, mature by the time of large multilingual transformers. DeepL, Google Translate, and modern LLMs all do this above semi-pro human level for most pairs.

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Current AI systems can translate text between many major languages, often with high accuracy and fluency, particularly for commonly spoken languages such as Spanish, French, and Chinese. However, the quality of translation can vary significantly depending on the language pair and the complexity of the text being translated. While AI has made significant progress in machine translation, there are still challenges in translating certain language pairs, such as those with significantly different grammatical structures or writing systems. Additionally, nuances of language, such as idioms and cultural references, can be difficult for AI systems to capture accurately.

— Enriched May 9, 2026 · Source: Google AI Blog — https://ai.googleblog.com/2020/03/advances-in-machine-translation.html